A
Aabharana
Means jewellery in Sanskrit, referring to all types of ornaments
Accent
A jewellery piece or design element that is meant to draw attention to a different focal point
Agate
A variety of chalcedony found in all colors
AGS
American Gem Society: a professional organization formed in 1934 by several independent jewelers and the founder of the Gemological Institute of America (GIA)
Akota
A type of bronze used in ancient Indian jewellery, named after the Akota Bronzes archaeological site
Alloy
A combination of metals fused together
Aluminum
A silver/white metal that is lightweight and malleable
Amber
The fossilized resin of prehistoric pine trees, which ranges in color from golden to orange-red
American Gem Trade Association
An organization tasked with maintaining ethical standards within the gemstone industry
Amethyst
A clear purple, blue, or violet variety of crystallized quartz
Amrapali
Inspired by ancient Indian royal courtesan, Amrapali jewellery is known for its historical and intricate designs
Amulet
A pendant or charm that is worn for its protective or magical powers
Anklet (Payal)
A chain or bracelet worn around the ankle, adorned with bells or charms
Anneal
The process of hardening glass pottery or metal, by alternately heating and pounding it
Anniversary Band
A ring, often an eternity band, which is given to commemorate an anniversary
Antique Finish
Jewellery with a deliberately aged appearance, highlighting its design
Antiquing
A finishing process used in jewellery to create an aged or vintage look by darkening recessed areas while leaving raised surfaces more polished, enhancing the piece's details and depth
Aquamarine
A transparent blue, blue-green, or green variety of Beryl, often considered a semi-precious gemstone and used in jewellery
Armlet
Worn around the upper arm, often embellished with stones and metals
Arsa
Traditional mirror ring worn by women, especially in rural India
Art Deco
A style characterized by angular geometric shapes, zigzags, bold colors, molded or faceted Czech glass beads, plastics (such as celluloid or Bakelite) and chrome
Asscher Cut
An octagonal diamond cut
Attigai
A choker-style necklace from Tamil Nadu, often featuring floral motifs
Azva
Wedding jewellery inspired by the seven vows of Indian marriage, often in gold
B
Baguette Cut
A rectangular diamond cut with four corners that create a rectangle or four-sided polygon
Bajuband
Traditional Indian armlet or bracelet worn on the upper arm
Bali
Hoop earrings, varying from simple to ornate designs
Bandeau
A narrow band, worn low, which encircles the forehead as a head ornament
Bangle (Chudi)
Rigid bracelets, often worn in pairs or groups
Bar Necklace
A necklace featuring a horizontal bar as the central element, often engraved with names, dates, or meaningful words
Basra Pearls
Highly valued pearls known for their purity and shine, used in luxury Indian jewellery
Birthstone
A gemstone that is symbolically associated with the month of one's birth
Biwa Pearl
A freshwater, cultured pearl from Japan
Black Antique
A jewellery piece that has had a long-lasting black paint applied to it
Bling
A general term for flashy jewellery, often worn as an indication of affluence
Blister Pearl
An irregularly shaped and hollow pearl, cut from the shell of an oyster
Blue Topaz
A topaz that is light brown or colorless when mined, which turns a vivid blue when exposed to heat
Bolo Bracelet
A bracelet with an adjustable clasp that slides along a cord or chain, allowing the wearer to easily adjust the fit
Blue Topaz
A topaz that is light brown or colorless when mined, which turns a vivid blue when exposed to heat
Book Chain
A Victorian style of chain that is made in solid gold or sterling silver, in which each link is a rectangular folded piece of metal resembling a book
Borla
A spherical pendant, especially popular in Rajasthani jewellery
Box Setting
A stone, enclosed in a box-shaped setting with metal edges that are pressed down to hold the stone in place
Bracelet
An ornamental band or chain worn around the wrist
Braided
A jewellery design element in which multiple strands of an often precious metal appear to be woven together
Brass
An alloy made up of roughly half copper and half zinc, which has a nice yellow color
Bridal Chura
A set of red and white bangles traditionally worn by Indian brides
Bridal Set
A complete set of jewellery designed to be worn together, typically includes necklaces, earrings, bangles, and more
Brilliance
The intensity and amount of light reflecting from inside a diamond or gemstone
Brilliant cut
Brilliant cut is the standard cut style for diamonds and consists of a total of 58 facets: 1 table, 8 bezel facets, 8 star facets, 16 upper-girdle facets on the crown, 8 pavilion facets, 16 lower-girdle facets and usually a culet on the pavilion or base
Briolette
A pear-shaped, faceted stone
Bronze
A very dense, heavy alloy of 60% Copper and 40% Tin
Brooch
A decorative pin or clip, often used to secure pieces of clothing or as adornment
Brushed Finish
A texturing technique used on metals, where a series of tiny parallel lines are scratched onto the surface with a wire brush of polishing tool
Buff top cabochon
A style of stone cutting, where the top of the gemstone is a dome (en cabochon) and the pavilion is faceted
Bulla
A large, amulet-like pendant, often with religious or protective significance
Butti
Small, pendant-like pieces used in hair jewellery, saris, or as part of larger jewellery items
C
Cable
A wire, often made of a precious or semi-precious metal, used in jewellery making
Calibre Cut
Small stones that are faceted and cut into squares, rectangles, or oblongs, and set close together
Caliper
An instrument for determining the thickness or diameter of a gemstone
Carat
A unit of weight for diamonds and other gemstones
Casting
A method of shaping metal by melting and then pouring into a hollow mold
Cathedral Setting
An elegant setting whose intention is to display the center stone as a focal point
Center Stone
A precious or semi-precious gemstone placed within an engagement ring's head, as the focal point
Chain Bracelet
A bracelet made of interlocking metal links, which can vary in size, shape, and design, offering a versatile and classic look
Chain Ear Cuffs
Ear cuffs made of chain links that wrap around the ear, offering an edgy and contemporary look without the need for piercings
Challa
A decorative waist chain or belt
Champakali
Necklace designed to resemble the buds of the Champak flower
Chandbali
Moon-shaped earrings, often encrusted with gems
Chandeliers
Elaborate, dangling earrings with multiple tiers or layers, resembling the decorative features of a chandelier
Channapatna Beads
Wooden beads from Channapatna, Karnataka, used in eco-friendly jewellery
Channel Setting
A stone setting method that fits stones of uniform size into a channel to form a continuous strip
Channel
A type of mounting in which gemstones are set into a channel, between two metal rails
Charm
A jewellery pendant or trinket, often worn on a necklace or bracelet to ward off evil or ensure good fortune
Chatelaine
A decorative belt hook or clasp, which is pinned at a women's waist and has several chains suspended from it
Chaton Cut
A round crystal jewellery stone shape with 12 facets on the pointed back
Chaturbhuj
A four-armed pendant, symbolizing divinity and power
Chitai Work
Traditional Indian metal artistry technique known for its intricate embossing on metals like silver, copper, and brass to create detailed patterns and designs
Choker
Tight-fitting necklaces that sit high on the neck
Citrine
A variation of quartz, citrine can take on many colors, ranging from light yellow to a brilliant orange, which may sometimes be confused with fine imperial topaz
Clarity
A term used to measure the degree to which a gemstone is free from flaws
Classic
A jewellery piece that remains popular beyond the era of its creation
Cluster
A term for jewellery pieces that have many precious or semi-precious gemstones, all set in close proximity to each other
Coin Jewellery
Pieces made using coins, often gold, as the primary decorative element
Collar Necklace
A broad necklace that covers much of the collar area
Collet
A round band of metal encircling a gemstone to hold it in place
Collier
A wide necklace, which encircles the neck from throat to chin
Color Diamond
A diamond that has a hue other than white
Color
A term used to measure the saturation of a diamond
Comfort Fit
A ring design, in which the edges of the shank are rounded for maximum comfort
Contemporary
A jewellery design that is relevant, based on the current trends
Contrasting Finish
A jewellery finish in which different parts of the piece have different finishes
Copper
A common, reddish-brown, metallic element
Coral
A form of Calcium Carbonate, secreted in long chains by coral polyps who live in colonies under the ocean
Cord Bracelet
A bracelet made of woven or braided cord, often combined with beads, charms, or metal accents for a casual, bohemian look
Creole earrings
A hoop earring, broader at the bottom than at the top, popular in the 1850s
Criss-Cross
A ring which has multiple bands that are not set parallel and intersect
Cross facet
Small triangular facets, above and below the girdle of a brilliant cut stone
Crown
The facets or portions of a gemstone, located above the girdle
Crystal
A body that is formed by the solidification of a chemical element, a compound, or a mixture, and has a regularly repeating internal arrangement of its atoms and often external plane faces
Cubic Zirconium
A man made gemstone that appears very much like diamond, yet does not have the same intrinsic properties, such as hardness
Cuff Bracelet
A wide, open-ended bracelet
Cuff Link
An ornamental jewellery piece which contains two, often decorated, pieces of precious or semi-precious metal connected by a bar which passes through a buttonhole
Culet
The pointed bottom of the pavilion, which is sometimes polished with a tiny facet and sometimes pointed with no facet
Cultured pearl
A pearl created by a mussel farmer or oyster farmer, under controlled conditions
Curry Chain
A chain design resembling a series of S-shaped links
Cushion Cut
A square or rectangular stone that has rounded corners
Custom Cut Gemstone
A gemstone that has been cut by a professional lapidary
Custom
A jewellery design that is unique to the piece
Cut Steel
Steel studs that have been machine stamped, cut with facets, and highly polished
Cut
A term which refers to the geometric proportions that dictate the reflection and refraction of light within a stone
D
Dainty
A piece marked by delicate or diminutive beauty, form, or grace
Damini
A traditional headpiece worn on the forehead, often part of bridal jewellery
Danglers
An earring style that includes a focal point which drops below the earlobe and is intentionally flexible so as to dangle to and fro
Darpan Kada
A bangle with a mirror as the central piece, symbolizing self-awareness
Dastband
Wristbands or bracelets, often with intricate work and precious stones
Deity Jewellery
Ornaments designed specifically for idols in temples, often replicating traditional human jewellery
Dejhoor
Traditional Kashmiri ear ornaments, symbolic of a woman’s marital status
Depth percentage
The measurement of a gemstone's depth (top to bottom) in relation to its diameter
Depth
The distance from a gemstone's table to its culet (top to bottom)
Dholki
Drum-shaped beads, commonly used in traditional Indian necklaces
Diadems
A semi-circular band worn around the head, which is usually jeweled and three dimensional
Diamond Cut
A name sometimes used in the colored-stone trade for brilliant cut
Diamond
A mineral composed of carbon that crystallizes in the cubic or isometric crystal system and is therefore singly refractive
Dog Collar
A snug necklace made either of rows of pearls or beads, which is usually worn high up on the neck
Dokra
Tribal jewellery made from brass and known for its rustic and earthy appeal
Domed
A gemstone shape in which the top of the stone is rounded, resembling half of a sphere
Double Prong
A jewellery setting in which each prong contains another prong alongside it
Drop
An earring style that includes a focal point which drops below the earlobe, often attached by a simple or adorned chain
E
Ear Chain (Sahara)
A chain connecting earrings to the hair, used to distribute weight and add elegance
Ear Jackets
Earrings with a decorative element that sits behind the earlobe, creating a layered effect and adding dimension to the earring design
Ear Studs
Small earrings that sit snugly on the earlobe
Earcuff
A type of earring that clamps onto the ear, requiring no piercing
Earrings
An ornament for the ear, most commonly worn in the earlobe
Ekka
A type of nose ring or stud, popular in certain regions of India
Elaichi Necklace
A necklace designed with motifs resembling cardamom pods (Elaichi)
Electro-plating
The process of applying metal (most often gold) to adhere to the surface of another metal, using electrical current
Elephant Hair Bracelet
A bracelet traditionally believed to bring luck, made from elephant hair or metal resembling it
Embossing
A technique used to create raised designs on the surface of jewellery
Emerald Cut
A type of shape and cut, emphasizing long parallel step cuts with clipped corners to create an octagon shape
Emerald
A gemstone of the beryl family
Enamel
A glass powder or paste that is applied to metal, then fired in an annealing oven to bake the glass onto the metal
Enameling
The process of applying colored material to jewellery, followed by high-temperature firing to create a glass-like finish
Engagement Ring
A ring signifying engagement to be married, often featuring diamonds or other precious stones
Engraved Jewellery
Pieces that have been carved or inscribed with designs or inscriptions
Enhancer
A type of loop that attaches a pendant or charm to a chain, but has hinges that allow it to be opened and closed
Epaulet
Shoulder adornments, often jeweled, signifying rank or as part of ceremonial attire
Eternity Band
A ring with a continuous line of identically cut gemstones, symbolizing everlasting love
Ethnic Jewellery
Jewellery that embodies the traditional designs and cultures of specific ethnic groups within India
European Cut
The style of diamond cutting popular from approximately 1890 to the 1930s, typified by a round girdle, a smaller table in relation to the diameter of the stone, and a large culet
Evil Eye Jewellery
Ornaments designed to ward off the evil eye, often featuring a symbolic eye design
F
Facet
A plain, polished surface on a stone
Fancy Cut
Any style of diamond cutting other than the round brilliant
Fashion Ring
A ring worn for decorative, rather than symbolic, purposes
Faux Pearls
Imitation pearls made from glass or plastic, used as an affordable alternative to real pearls
Fede Ring
A ring design featuring clasped hands, symbolizing friendship or betrothal
Feroza
Turquoise gemstones used in jewellery, known for their vibrant blue color
Ferronniere
A narrow band, with a center jewel, which encircles the forehead
Festoon Necklace
A necklace with a draped or garland-like design, often incorporating chains and gemstones
Figaro Chain
A chain design consisting of alternating small and long links
Figural Jewellery
Jewellery pieces shaped like figures or objects, often animals or flowers
Filigree
Delicate and intricate metalwork, often involving thin wires and beads
Finger Ring
A band worn as decorative jewellery around the finger; varies widely in design
Finish
A term used to describe the polish or texture applied to metal
Flat Band
A band that is squared on the edges and not domed on top
Floral Motifs
Designs inspired by flowers, common in Indian jewellery
Floral
A general term for jewellery design elements which depict flowers, leaves, vines, or plant-like shapes
Flush Setting
A jewellery setting in which a stone is set within a metal hole and metal is applied above the girdle
Folk Jewellery
Traditional jewellery that originates from rural or tribal communities, often handmade
Foot Harness
Ornamental chains or bands worn around the feet, often connected to toe rings
French Cut
A square or rectangular, multifaceted stone cut
French Ivory
A plastic produced to simulate ivory
Freshwater Pearls
An irregular pearl of various colors, produced by fresh water mollusks such as mussels and clams
Fringe Necklace
A necklace featuring a dangling fringe design, often made of chains or beads
Full Lead Crystal
The finest man-made crystal, with a high lead oxide content that serves to enhance its natural color spectrum
Full-cut Brilliant
A brilliant-cut diamond (or colored stone) with the usual total of 58 facets consisting of: 32 facets and a table above the girdle; and 24 facets and a culet below
Fusion Jewellery
Pieces that combine traditional Indian elements with contemporary or western design principles
G
Galaxy Diamond
A type of diamond containing small inclusions, giving the appearance of a starry galaxy
Ganesh Pendant
A pendant featuring Lord Ganesh, often worn for spiritual protection and good luck
Garland Necklace (Malai)
A necklace that mimics the appearance of a floral garland
Garnet
A family of stones having many varieties in color and their constituents
Gemologist
A gemstone specialist trained in gemstone identification, grading and appraising
Gemology
The science and study of gemstones
Gemstone Certificate
An official document, which is universally accepted to verify a stone's specifications and value
Gemstone
A precious or semi-precious stone used in jewellery for adornment
Geometric Jewellery
Pieces featuring geometric shapes and patterns, often in a modern or contemporary style
Gerlots
Small, long pendant beads
Ghungroo
Small, metallic bells used in jewellery, producing a distinctive sound with movement
GIA
Acronym for the Gemological Institute of America
Gimmel ring
A ring formed of two or more linked hoops, which fit together in a manner that make them appear as one ring
Gold Plating
The process of applying a thin layer of gold over another metal
Gold Washed
A term for a piece that has an extremely thin layer of gold, applied by either dipping or burnishing the metal, but are not plated
Gold-Filled
A term for a piece made up of a base metal, coated in a thick layer of gold (at least 10k and 1/20th of the total weight of the piece) bonded to its surface
Gold
A yellow, metallic element that occurs naturally in pure form and is used especially in jewellery
Golden Jubilee Diamond
A 545.67 carat brown diamond, discovered in 1985, and currently the largest cut and faceted diamond in the world
Goldsmith
A craftsman who makes and repairs jewellery in gold
Grading
Evaluation and results assigned by independent gemologists that allow sellers to assign pricing to diamonds and gemstones, achieved from comparison with master stones
Granulation
The process of decorating a metal surface with tiny grains of metal
Green Gold
Gold which contains a high proportion of silver, causing a greenish hue
Grey Gold
Gold which contains a high proportion of iron
Guttapusalu
A necklace style from Andhra Pradesh, characterized by clusters of small pearls or beads
Gypsy Setting
A setting where gemstones are set flush with the surface of the metal, giving a smooth finish
H
Haar
A long necklace that often reaches the belly, typically made of gold and precious stones
Hallmark
A mark stamped on jewellery throughout much of the world to attest to the purity of the metal after assay
Halo
A setting that encircles a center gemstone with diamonds or gemstones
Hammered Finish
A jewellery finish in which the piece is hammered to create many tiny planes, before polishing the result
Hand Engraving
A jewellery technique in which designs are artfully etched into a piece using hand-held tools (scraper, spit stick, scorper, graver) rather than a laser, casting machine, or chemicals
Haram
A long necklace, usually layered, predominantly worn in South India
Hasli
A traditional Indian necklace with a rigid, collar-like design, often made of metal and adorned with intricate patterns or gemstones
Hathkamarpatta
A traditional bracelet that extends to cover the back of the hand, often worn by brides
Hathphool
A hand-flower, a piece of jewellery worn on the back of the hand, connecting bracelets to rings
Head Chain (Matha Patti)
A chain worn on the forehead, draping over the hairline, often part of bridal attire
Headdress (Tikka)
Jewellery that adorns the forehead and is pinned to the hair, often seen in bridal collections
Heart Cut
A diamond cut shaped like a heart, with two rounded obtrusions at the top and a point at the bottom
Heirloom Jewellery
Pieces passed down through generations, valued for their historical and emotional significance
Helix Earring
A piece of jewellery designed to be worn on the upper ear's helix
Hoop Earrings (Bali)
A circular earring design that resembles a ring and passes through the earlobe
Huggies
Small, hoop earrings that 'hug' the earlobe, offering a snug fit and a sleek, minimalist look
I
IGI
Acronym for the International Gemological Institute
Illuminated Jewellery
Pieces that incorporate elements like LED lights, offering a modern twist on traditional designs
Illusion Setting
A setting technique that makes the stone appear larger than it is
Imitation Jewellery
Jewellery made from non-precious metals and stones, designed to mimic more expensive materials
Indian Rose Cut
A diamond cut similar to the rose cut, but with a flat bottom, commonly used in traditional Indian jewellery
Indrani Mala
A necklace consisting of multiple strands of pearls or beads, named after the queen of gods, Indrani
Infinity Bracelet
A bracelet featuring the infinity symbol, representing eternity, empowerment, and everlasting love
Infinity Loop
Jewellery featuring the infinity symbol, representing eternity and everlasting love
Initials
The first letters of a group of names, often a person's first and last name
Inlaid
Decorated with a material set into a surface
Inlay Work
A technique where pieces of colored stones, metals, or other materials are set into a metal surface to create patterns
Insignia Rings
Rings bearing a crest, emblem, or initials, often used as a family or personal signet
Interlock Chains
Chains designed to interlock in a specific pattern, often used in bracelets and necklaces
Intricate Filigree
Fine metalwork that uses twisted threads or beads of metal, commonly seen in traditional Indian jewellery
Invisible Setting
A style in which rows of square princess cut diamonds or other gemstones rest perfectly flush against one another, within a metal border or frame with no metal separating them
Iridium
A metal and member of the platinum family, which is often alloyed with platinum to improve workability
Ivory Jewellery
Traditional jewellery made from ivory, now banned in many countries to protect elephants
J
Jadai
The art of adorning hair with jewellery, typically involving elaborate headpieces and hairpins
Jadau
A traditional technique of embedding precious and semi-precious stones into a base of molten gold, popular in Mughal era jewellery
Jade
An opaque, semiprecious gemstone which is usually found in shades of green, but can also be found in lavender and rose shades
Jaipuri Enameling (Meenakari)
The art of enameling metal surfaces with intricate designs, originating from Jaipur
Jalebi Bail
Swirl or spiral designs in jewellery that resemble the Indian sweet, jalebi
Jali
A lattice-like design created in metal, often used in Indian jewellery for its delicate appearance and lightness
Japa Mala
A string of beads used for prayer; often worn as necklaces for their spiritual significance and aesthetic appeal
Jarao
Jewellery setting where gemstones are set without any metal showing, giving the illusion of a continuous surface of stones
Jarkan
Synthetic diamonds or cubic zirconia used in Indian jewellery for an affordable alternative to real diamonds
Jasper
An opaque, impure, polycrystalline variety of Quartz that may be red, yellow, or brown
Jewel Tone
Rich color tones resembling gemstones, used in colored gemstone jewellery
Jhumar
A side headpiece or hair ornament, traditionally worn by brides from the Indian subcontinent
Jhumka
Bell-shaped earrings that come in various sizes and designs, often embellished with gems and pearls
Jump Ring
A small, oval or round wire ring used to link charms or pendants onto a chain
K
Kaappu
Armlets or bangles worn to ward off evil, typically in gold
Kada
A type of broad, stiff bracelet, often made of gold or silver, and can be worn by both men and women
Kalire
Hanging ornaments worn by brides on their wrists, symbolizing prosperity and happiness
Kamarband
A waistband or belt, typically made of gold or silver, used to adorn the waist and complement traditional Indian attire
Kanthi
A type of necklace sitting close to the throat, distinct from longer chains or necklaces
Karanphool
Literally meaning 'ear flower,' these are large, floral-designed earrings
Karat
A unit of fineness for gold, equal to 1 part of pure gold in an alloy
Kasula Peru
Another name for Kasumalai, emphasizing the coin design
Kasumalai
A traditional South Indian necklace made of gold coins featuring images of gods or goddesses
Kolusu
Traditional anklets or ankle bracelets, often adorned with bells
Kumbham
A design motif in South Indian jewellery, depicting the pot of abundance
Kundala
Earrings; the term is used to describe various styles of traditional Indian earrings
Kundan
A method of gem setting, characterized by the use of highly refined gold to set stones, giving the jewellery a luxurious look
L
Lab Diamond
A diamond that was created through a controlled laboratory process
Lab Gemstone
A gemstone that was created through a controlled laboratory process
Lalatika
A forehead ornament, typically a pendant that hangs from the hairline
Lariat Necklace
A long, slender necklace that can be tied or looped in various ways, offering a versatile and elegant accessory
Latkan
Decorative tassels used in jewellery and attire, adding a playful element
Lavaliere
A necklace with a single, large pendant, often with a tassel or a drop
Layered Necklace
Necklaces designed to give the appearance of multiple strands, often mixing different styles and lengths
Leakage
The leaving or escaping of light through the facets of fashioned gemstones
Leather Bracelet
A bracelet made of leather, often featuring a simple band or braided design, and can include metal accents or clasps for added style
Leheriya
A dyeing technique influencing jewellery designs with its distinctive wave patterns
Lever Back
An earring back that uses a clasp
Liquid silver
The term given to strands of small silver beads which were made by carefully slicing tubes of Sterling silver into pieces and stringing them together
Living jewellery
Jewellery materials derived from living organisms
Locket
A pendant that opens to hold a photograph or keepsake, frequently part of Indian necklaces
Loha
Iron bangles worn by married Bengali women for marital bliss
London Blue Topaz
A popular variation of topaz with a vivid, dark blue-green color
Lost Wax Process or Casting
A casting process where a carved or cast wax original is encased in clay or other investment, before being melted at a high temperature, and replaced with molten metal
Lotus Earrings
Earrings featuring the design of a lotus flower, symbolizing purity, enlightenment, and rebirth
Luster
The appearance of a material's surface, as determined by the quantity and quality of light reflected
Luxury
An extravagant jewellery piece
M
Maang Tikka
A headpiece that hangs on the forehead, part of traditional bridal jewellery
Mang Patti
A headpiece similar to Maang Tikka but with chains that attach to the hair, covering the forehead
Mangalsutra Bracelets
A modern adaptation of the traditional Indian mangalsutra, these bracelets are worn by married women as a symbol of their marital status
Mangalsutra
A necklace worn by married Hindu women, symbolizing marital status and marital bliss
Master Stones
A set of diamonds used as a key to grade the color of other diamonds
Matching
A term used to describe a set of jewellery pieces with matching elements such as style or color
Matte
A finish created by using either a chemical process or an abrasive material to scratch the top layer of the piece, creating a dull and non-reflective surface
Meenakari
The art of enameling metal surfaces with vibrant colors, often depicting floral or faunal motifs
Mekhala
A traditional waistband or girdle, intricately designed, often in gold
Melange
A term for mixed diamond sizes, weighing more than 1 carat
Memorial Jewel
A jewel that is made in memory of a loved one, often containing hair from that person and frequently decorated with enamel
Micro Mosaic
A mosaic of very small, colored glass pieces (tesserae) inlaid in glass or hardstone
Midi Ring
A small ring designed to be worn on the middle section of the finger, above the knuckle, adding a trendy touch to ring stacking
Milanese Chain
A chain consisting of interwoven rows of small links, forming a mesh
Milgrain
Tiny beads of metal used to decorate jewellery, often adding a vintage aesthetic
Mine Cut
An antique diamond cut featuring a cushion or round shape and a chunkier look
Minimalist
A jewellery design which is simple and sparing
Montana Sapphire
A blue sapphire, primarily mined in the Yogo Gulch of Montana
Moonstone
A transparent, slightly iridescent, milky white variety of feldspar with white or light blue opalescent spots
Morganite
A rose-colored variety of beryl
Mosaic
A design created by pressing pieces of stone glass or ceramic tiles called tesserae in mortar
Mother-of-pearl
The opalescent material on the inside of mollusk shells like oysters and mussels
Moti
Pearls used in various types of Indian jewellery, from necklaces to embellishments on clothing
Motif
A decorative design or pattern used in jewellery, often inspired by nature or geometry
Mourning jewellery
Jewellery worn to commemorate the death of a loved one, usually in the form of a ring, brooch, or necklace
Moval
A gemstone cut that combines the tapered edges of a marquise cut with rounded points of the oval cut
Mukut
A traditional crown or headgear, often elaborately designed with gems and metals
Multi-Band
A ring that is composed of more than one band
Muthu Malai
A pearl necklace, traditional in South Indian jewellery, often worn in layers
N
Nakshi Mala
A necklace featuring intricate relief work, with designs that are embossed or carved into gold
Nath
A traditional nose ring, often ornate, symbolizing marital status in certain cultures
Natural Diamond
A diamond that was formed in the earth in an uncontrolled environment
Naulakha
A term describing jewellery worth nine lakhs (units of one hundred thousand), denoting very high value and intricate craftsmanship
Navapashanam
Literally meaning 'nine poisons', a mystical combination of nine toxic substances that are believed to have healing properties when properly combined in jewellery
Navaratna
Jewellery that incorporates nine specific gemstones, each representing a celestial body according to Hindu astrology
Navette
A ring shaped like a large marquise but set with many smaller stones
Nazaria Bracelet
A traditional bracelet often worn by babies and children in South Asian cultures, believed to ward off the evil eye and protect the wearer
Nebula Chain
A type of chain design that features a cloud-like pattern, often used in contemporary jewellery
Necklace
A piece of jewellery worn around the neck, ranging from simple chains to elaborate pieces adorned with gemstones
Necklet
A term used for a light necklace, often delicate and minimalist in design
Negligee
A long necklace that usually terminates in irregular length with tassels or drops
Netti Chutti
A forehead ornament worn in South India, similar to a Maang Tikka but more elaborate
Nickel Silver
A white metal mixture of copper, zinc, and nickel which contains no silver
Niloufer
A floral-inspired jewellery collection, often featuring lotus and other motifs in modern designs
Nose Pin
A small stud or ring worn on the nose, less elaborate than a Nath
Nose Rings
A hooplike piece of jewellery worn on the nose
O
Oil-drop Finish
A surface treatment giving jewellery a subtly textured, matte finish that resembles drops of oil
Oiling
A temporary treatment used to enhance the color of a gemstone
Old EuropeanCut
A round antique diamond cut, known for their chunky faceting and small table
Old Mine Cut
An antique diamond cut featuring a cushion or round shape and a chunkier look
Om Pendant
Jewellery featuring the sacred Hindu symbol 'Om', popular in spiritual and religious adornments
Onyx
A semi-precious stone often used in Indian jewellery, known for its deep black color
Opal
A precious gemstone known for its vibrant display of colors; used in various types of Indian jewellery
Opalescent
A term used to describe a surface with a lustrous, cloudy, rainbow-like array of colors, similar to what one might see in an oil slick or mother of pearl
Opaque
A term used to describe a stone that will not allow any light to pass through it
Open Setting
A type of gemstone setting that allows light to pass through, enhancing the stone's brilliance
Oppenheimer Diamond
A 253.7 carat yellow diamond, discovered in South Africa in 1964
Ore
A metal-bearing mineral from which metal can be profitably mined or extracted
Orna
An embellished scarf or wrap that complements traditional Indian attire, sometimes adorned with jewellery elements
Ornate
Highly decorated or embellished jewellery, often with intricate designs and multiple gemstones
Oval Bracelet
A bracelet with an oval-shaped design, often featuring a central oval element or an oval-shaped chain or band
Oval Cut
A faceted, elongated stone, round at both ends
Oval Link Chain
A chain made of oval-shaped links, offering a classic look suitable for pendants
Overlay
A technique in which a layer of metal is placed over another, differing metal, often used for decorative effects
Oxidation
A chemical process in which metals such as silver are blackened or tarnished as a reaction to sulfur and oxygen
Oxidize
The act of combining with oxygen molecules to make an oxide
Oxidized Jewellery
Silver jewellery treated to create a darkened surface for a vintage or antique look
P
Pachchikam
A jewellery crafting technique similar to Kundan, known for its rustic and antique finish
Pasa
A traditional piece of jewellery worn on one side of the head, usually adorned with gemstones and pearls
Patina
The discoloration that forms on metals such as silver and bronze, but is often planned for in the artist's design and can be introduced artificially through the use of chemicals
Patla
Traditional bangles, often simple in design, made of gold or silver
Pave
A large field of small stones set very close together to create wall-to-wall paved object
Pavilion
The portion of a gemstone located below the girdle
Payal
Anklets, typically made of silver, gold, or other metals, often embellished with bells or charms
Peacock Motif
A popular design in Indian jewellery, symbolizing beauty and grace
Pear Cut
A gemstone cut with a rounded, oval shape that comes to a point at one end
Pearl
A gemstone produced within the soft tissue of a living shelled mollusk, widely used in Indian jewellery for its elegance
Pendant
A piece of jewellery that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Peridot
A yellow-green, transparent variety of Olivine
Petite
A small, potentially fragile piece of jewellery
Pique
Tortoiseshell or horn, which is inlaid with mother-of-pearl, silver or gold
Platinum
The most precious of white metals
Posy Ring
A ring engraved with a verse
Precious Gemstone
A gemstone that is of a very high value or price, due to its rarity
Princess Cut
A highly faceted square cut stone, similar to a brilliant cut, which has been adapted to a square shape to increase brilliance
Princess Necklace
A necklace of medium length, typically 7 to 9 inches, often with a slight drop at the center
Prong Setting
A gemstone held in place by small, finger-like wires, that are attached to the body of the ring, which bend over the edges of the stone
Q
Quality Mark
The hallmark or stamp on jewellery indicating the metal's purity
Quantum Pendant
A type of pendant claimed to improve physical and mental well-being through energy resonance
Quartz Crystal
Used for its healing properties and aesthetic value in jewellery, believed to offer spiritual benefits
Quartz
A hard, crystalline mineral used in jewellery making, available in various colors
Queen's Necklace
Inspired by royal jewellery, these are elaborate necklaces suitable for formal occasions
Quilling Jewellery
Handmade jewellery using the paper quilling technique, often colorful and lightweight
R
Radiant Cut
A rectangular gemstone which combines the shape of an emerald cut and the sparkle of a brilliant cut
Rajputana
Jewellery styles originating from the Rajput kingdoms, known for their bold and intricate designs
Rani Haar
A long, regal necklace often layered and studded with precious stones, symbolizing royalty
Refraction
The act of changing the direction of a light wave so the light enters the object in one direction and leaves it in another
Rhinestone
A faceted stone made of glass
Rhodium Plating
A process used to give white gold or silver a bright, reflective appearance
Rhodolite
A pink or purple variation of garnet
Ring Sizes
A measurement used to denote the circumference (or sometimes the diameter) of rings
Ring
A circular band worn around the finger, made from metals, gems, or other durable materials
Rope Necklace
A long necklace that can be layered or knotted, not specific to Indian jewellery but widely used
Rosary
A string of beads used in counting prayers
Rose Cut
A style of gem cutting that produces a flat bottom with a dome-shaped crown, resembling a rose
Rose Finish
A jewellery finish that makes the piece look as if it is made of rose gold, but contains no actual gold content
Rose Gold
An alloy of gold mixed with copper, which gives it a red tint
Rose Quartz
A translucent, milky-pink variety of Quartz
Round Cut
The most common style of cutting for both diamonds and colored stones
Ruby
A member of the corundum family whose red color comes from chromium oxide in the stone
Rudraksha
Seeds used to create prayer beads, believed to have spiritual significance in Hinduism
S
Sand Casting
A casting method in which tempered sand is packed onto wood or metal pattern halves and then removed from the pattern, before metal is poured into the resultant cavities and the mold is broken to remove castings
Sapphire
A precious gemstone, ranging in color from blue to pink, commonly used in Indian jewellery
Satin finish
A series of tiny parallel lines scratched onto a surface with a wire brush or a polishing tool to produce texture
Scatter Pin
A small pin usually featuring flowers, birds, and insects that is intended to be worn in a group with many other scatter pins
Screw
An earring back type for non-pierced ears, in which the earring is tightened against the earlobe by means of a screw with a flat round end
Seal
An engraving (intaglio) in stone or metal used to create an impression on a substance such as wax or clay
Seed Bead
Mass produced tiny glass or plastic beads made by slicing tubes into tiny evenly spaced pieces
Seed Pearl
A very small pearl popular during the Victorian period as accents set into gold jewellery or woven into long fringed necklaces
Semi-Precious Gemstone
A stone that is less rare and less expensive than precious stones, but is still valued for its beauty
Setting
A mechanism by which a stone is held by precious metal into a mounting
Shank
The part of a ring that encircles the finger, minus the setting
Signet
A private seal once impressed into wax to authenticate a document, which was often formed into a finger ring with the seal forming the bezel of the ring
Silver Filigree
Delicate jewellery made with twisted threads of silver, known for its lightness and intricacy
Silver Tone
A term used to describe a jewellery piece that is silver plated or coated, but not sterling silver
Simulated Stones
A general term for natural or synthetic substances which are meant to imitate authentic gemstones but are a cheaper version with a different chemical makeup
Single-cut Diamonds
A genuine diamond, commonly used in watch cases that contain only 1 facet
Sita Haar
A long necklace that sits gracefully on the wearer’s chest, often with intricate designs
Smoky Quartz
A variety of quartz that ranges in color from cloudy brown to a dark, root beer shade with a smoky appearance
Snake Chain
A chain that is made up of round, wavy, metal rings joined side by side to form a flexible tube with a smooth, scaly texture like snake skin
Soldering
A technique used in making and repairing jewellery whereby two pieces of metal are joined by applying molten metal, which has a lower melting point than the two metals being joined
Solid Diamond
A ring made of pressurized lab-created diamonds
Solitaire
A single gemstone set into a piece of jewellery, often a diamond
Sparkle
The act of giving off or reflecting bright, moving points of light
Spinel
A gemstone that comes in various colors, often mistaken for ruby or sapphire
Split Ring
A small base metal finding, resembling a key-ring
Split Shank
A ring design element which features a band that parts into two as it nears the head
Spring Ring
A very common kind of clasp used for joining two ends of a necklace
Square Band
A band whose shank is not rounded at the edges
Square Cut
A style of gemstone cut, resembling the emerald cut
Stackable Rings
A set of rings sometimes of contrasting styles which are intended to be worn on top of each other
Stainless Steel
A steel alloy including chromium and sometimes another element such as nickel or molybdenum
Station Necklace
A necklace with evenly spaced decorative elements, such as beads or gems, along the chain, creating a simple yet elegant look
Step Cut
A type of cut in which facets are long and rectangular. Can be found on emerald cut, Asscher cut, and baguette cut diamonds
Sterling Silver
A silver alloy made up of at least 92.5% pure silver, which is the standard fineness for silver
Stomacher
A very large bodice ornament, usually triangular, filling the area between the neckline and the waistline
Strap Necklace
A mesh chain with pendants suspended by a short, fine chain resembling a fringe
Stud
A minimalist earring style that includes a focal point attached to a post, which goes through the earlobe and connects to a removable back that keeps the earring in place
Sui Dhaga
Threader earrings, resembling a needle and thread
Super Fit Ring
A ring which opens and closes--similar to a bracelet or watch band--allowing it to slide into place before being secured
Symmetry
A term for the uniformity of a gemstone's cut, including the shape and placement of facets
Synthetic Gemstones
A gemstone that was produced in a laboratory rather than found in nature
T
Table Percentage
The diameter of a gemstone, divided by the size of the table
Tanmaniya
A pendant or necklace specifically designed for Mangalsutras, often with diamonds
Tanzanite
A semi-precious gemstone popular for its brilliance and known for its varying shades of violet ranging from deep, rich purple to lilac
Tapered
A piece that becomes gradually smaller toward one end
Tassel Earrings
Earrings featuring hanging threads or chains, often colorful and used for a bohemian look
Temple Jewellery
Traditional jewellery inspired by the architecture and deities of Indian temples, characterized by heavy gold work and spiritual motifs
Tennis Bracelet
A bracelet made up of individually set gemstones of uniform size and color, linked together like a chain, making the bracelet somewhat flexible
Thewa
A Rajasthani jewellery art form where gold is fused onto colored glass to create intricate designs
Thread Jewellery
Jewellery made from colorful threads, often combined with beads or metals for a contemporary look
Three Stone
A popular ring design that showcases three stones in a row, along the head of the ring
Tiara
A head ornament worn in the crown position
Tikka
A piece of jewellery that hangs from the hair and sits on the forehead, part of traditional bridal wear
Titanium
A silvery-gray, lightweight, strong, metallic element with atomic number 22, which is obtained from Ilmenite and Rutile
Toe Rings
Rings worn on the toes, known as 'Bichiya' in Hindi, symbolic of married status in Hindu culture
Toggle Clasp
A means of fastening two ends of a chain together, consisting of a ring on one end and a short bar on the other
Blue Topaz
A topaz that is light brown or colorless when mined, which turns a vivid blue when exposed to heat
Tourmaline
A semi-precious gemstone that can take on multiple colors and consists of a complex borosilicate
Translucent
Partially transparent
Trapezoid Cut
A gemstone cut into a four-sided shape with a short side, a parallel long side, and two equal ends
Trellis
A prong setting in which four prongs are interwoven together to hold the center diamond
Trillion Cut
A triangular-shaped gemstone cut, used for its modern look and brilliance
Tube Bracelet
A bracelet made of cylindrical tube-shaped elements, offering a sleek and modern aesthetic
Tungsten
A gray-white, heavy, high-melting, hard polyvalent metallic element that resembles chromium and molybdenum
Turquoise
A blue-green mineral used in jewellery for its unique color and supposed healing properties
Tussi Necklace
A type of choker with intricate designs, popular in Bengal
Twisted
A band or group of bands that are curved and/or have been interwoven together
Two-Tone
A jewellery piece that includes two separate metals, which remain separate and are soldered together to form one piece
U
Ulta-Teeka
A reverse teeka that hangs from the hair to the forehead, often seen in traditional dance costumes
Umbilical Belt
A decorative belt worn around the waist, sometimes adorned with chains that drape over the hips, used in classical dance costumes
Umbrella Earrings
Large, umbrella-shaped earrings, known for their statement-making appearance
Uncut Diamonds
Diamonds that have not been faceted or polished, often used in traditional Indian jewellery like Polki
Urn Necklace
A necklace that contains a small urn or pendant, sometimes used to keep ashes or perfumes
V
Vaddanam
A traditional South Indian waist belt worn during special occasions, often elaborately designed in gold
Vajra
A motif representing the thunderbolt weapon of the god Indra, symbolizing indestructibility
Vanki
A traditional armlet or bracelet worn on the upper arm, often in South Indian bridal attire
Varanmala
Garland-like necklaces worn by grooms during traditional Indian weddings
Vasli
A type of engraving or inlay work on metal, used for detailing in high-end jewellery
Vedha Ratna
Jewellery incorporating gemstones with specific cuts or settings, enhancing their astrological significance
Vedha
Piercing or perforation work found in traditional jewellery, allowing light to pass through gems
Vintage
An old, recognized and enduring piece of jewellery which remains valued due to its interest, importance or quality
Vivaha
Meaning marriage; refers to jewellery sets designed specifically for weddings
W
Waist Belt (Kamarband)
A belt worn around the waist, often ornate, to accentuate traditional attire
Waist Chain
A chain worn around the waist, similar to a Kamarband but more delicate
Waterfall Necklace
A necklace featuring cascading chains or gems, mimicking a waterfall effect
Wedding Band
A simple ring symbolizing marriage, often worn by both partners
Wedding Set
A collection containing both the engagement ring and the wedding band
Wheel Cut
A gemstone cutting technique creating rounded grooves on the surface, for decorative effect
White Gold
An alloy of gold with white metals like palladium or silver, often used in modern jewellery
White Metal
Any combination of alloys of non-precious metals such as lead and tin
White Sapphire
A clear sapphire used as a diamond alternative in jewellery
Whorl Ring
A ring design featuring spiral or circular patterns, often inspired by ancient symbols
Wind Chime Earrings
Earrings designed to mimic the sound and movement of wind chimes
Wraparound Ring
A ring that coils around the finger, often adjustable
Wrist Watch
A small watch, attached to a bracelet and worn around the wrist
Wristlet
A bracelet or band worn around the wrist, less formal than bangles
Y
Yantra
Geometric designs representing the universe, used in pendants for their supposed spiritual benefits
Yellow Gold
A gold that is yellow as in its pure form, often alloyed with copper and silver
Yoga Bracelets
Bracelets designed with stones or symbols representing spiritual or yogic concepts
Yoke Necklace
A necklace design that lays flat on the chest, resembling the shape of a yoke
Z
Zinc
An abundant, lustrous, bluish-white metallic element of the Magnesium-Cadmium group
Zircon
A gemstone used as a diamond alternative, known for its brilliance and array of colors
Zirconium
A metal used in contemporary jewellery, often as a setting for stones or as the primary material in minimalist designs
Zodiac Jewellery
Pieces designed around zodiac signs or symbols, often incorporating specific gemstones
Zoisite
A semi-precious gemstone which takes on a variety of colors including blue, violet, green, brown, pink, yellow, gray, and white