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F
Facet
Any flat polished surface of a diamond or gemstone which allows light to both enter a diamond and reflect off its surface at different angles, creating the wonderful play of colour and light for which diamonds are famous. The placement, angle and shape of different facets are carefully planned and executed to show the stone's inherent beauty, fire, colour, and brilliance to the fullest advantage.
Fancy-Colored Diamond
Diamonds found in their natural state in any colour except the pure, colourless diamonds with yellow or brown shades in the colour grading scale that are normally used in jewellery. Fancy colours can include canary yellow, and the rarest shade of all – a red diamond.
Fancy-Shaped Diamond
Diamonds that have been cut into any shape other than round brilliant. While there are eight known fancy shapes such as Marquise, Pear, Princess etc. designers come up with new fancy shapes from time to time.
Feather
These are small fractures in a diamond, caused by the stress the diamond suffered in its natural state underground. With normal wear and care, most feathers pose no risk to the diamond's stability.
Fire
This is often a term used to describe the ‘dispersion’ in a diamond. It is the variety and intensity of rainbow colours seen when light is reflected from a diamond.
Fluorescence
This is the tint visible when a diamond is exposed to ultraviolet light, which may be whitish, yellowish or bluish. The untrained eye can rarely see the effects of fluorescence. Diamond grading reports often state whether a diamond has fluorescent properties. Fluorescence is not considered a grading factor, only a characteristic of that particular diamond.
Fracture
Imperfections (small cracks or fissures) on the surface of a gemstone. Fractures show up as white areas inside the diamond because light does not pass through them as it does the remaining portion of the stone.
Fracture filling
A process that injects a substance into a diamond to hide inclusions.
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